No Difference in Clinical Outcomes for African American and White Patients Hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia in Louisville, Kentucky

Authors

• Julio A. Ramirez, University of Louisville, School of Medicine Infectious DiseasesFollow
• Stephen P. Furmanek, University of Louisville, School of Medicine Infectious DiseasesFollow
• Thomas Chandler, University of Louisville, School of Medicine Infectious DiseasesFollow
• Stephen S. Hanson, Tulane University, Department of Family and Community MedicineFollow
• Dawn Balcom, University of Louisville, School of Medicine Infectious DiseasesFollow
• Subathra Marimuthu, University of Louisville, School of Medicine Infectious DiseasesFollow
• Sathya Krishnasamy, University of Louisville, School of Medicine EndocrinologyFollow
• Jose Bordon, Washington Health Institute, George Washington University Medical SchoolFollow
• Rodrigo Cavallazzi, University of Louisville, School of Medicine PulmonologyFollow
• Amr Aboelnasr, University of Louisville, School of Medicine Infectious DiseasesFollow
• Mahder A. Tella, University of Louisville, School of Medicine Infectious DiseasesFollow
• William A. Mattingly, University of Louisville, School of Medicine Infectious DiseasesFollow
• Ashley M. Wilde, Norton Healthcare, Norton Medical GroupFollow
• Daisy Sangroula, University of Louisville, School of Medicine Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineFollow
• Demetra Antimisiaris, University of Louisville, Frazier Polypharmacy and Medication Management Program, Continuing Medical Education & Professional DevelopmentFollow
• Donghoon Chung, University of Louisville, School of Medicine Microbiology & ImmunologyFollow
• Guillermo CabralFollow
• Gabino R Fernandez-Botran, University of Louisville, School of Medicine Pathology and Laboratory MedicineFollow
• Jiapeng Huang, University of Louisville, School of Medicine Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineFollow
• Martin GnoniFollow
• Ozan Akca, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Anesthesiology & Perioperative MedicineFollow
• Paul Schulz, Norton Healthcare, Norton Medical GroupFollow
• Phillip F. Bressoud, University of Louisville, School of Medicine Department of MedicineFollow
• Priya Krishnan, University of Louisville, School of Medicine Department of MedicineFollow
• Sally Suliman, University of Louisville, School of Medicine PulmonologyFollow
• William P. McKinney, University of Louisville, School of Public Health and Information SciencesFollow
• Bryan Moffett, University of Louisville, School of Medicine Department of MedicineFollow
• Leslie A Wolf, University of Louisville, School of Medicine Infectious DiseasesFollow
• Mark Burns, University of Louisville, School of Medicine Infectious DiseasesFollow
• Alex Glynn, University of Louisville, School of Medicine Infectious DiseasesFollow
• Ruth Carrico, University of Louisville, School of Medicine Infectious DiseasesFollow
• Forest W. Arnold, University of Louisville, School of Medicine Infectious DiseasesFollow

Funder

The author(s) received no specific funding for this work

Abstract

Introduction: Current literature indicates that African American individuals are at increased risk of becoming infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus and suffer higher SARS-CoV-2-related mortality rates. However, there is a lack of consensus as to how the clinical outcomes of African American patients differ from those of other groups. The objective of this study was to define the clinical outcomes of African American and White hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Louisville, Kentucky.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 CAP at eight hospitals in Louisville, Kentucky. Severity of CAP at time of hospitalization was evaluated using the pneumonia severity index (PSI), CURB-65 score and SARS-CoV-2 viral load. The following thirteen clinical outcomes were compared: discharge alive to home, time to home discharge, admission to the ICU, length of ICU stay, need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), duration of IMV, development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), development of septic shock, need for vasopressors, development of cardiovascular events, time to cardiovascular events, in-hospital mortality, and time to death.

Results: A total of 541 patients were eligible for this study, 343 White (63%) and 198 African American (37%). None of the thirteen clinical outcomes were statistically significantly different between the two groups.

Conclusions: This study indicates that African American and White patients do not have different clinical outcomes after the point of hospitalization due to SARS-CoV-2 CAP.

DOI

10.18297/jri/vol5/iss1/25

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Recommended Citation

Ramirez, Julio A.; Furmanek, Stephen P.; Chandler, Thomas; Hanson, Stephen S.; Balcom, Dawn; Marimuthu, Subathra; Krishnasamy, Sathya; Bordon, Jose; Cavallazzi, Rodrigo; Aboelnasr, Amr; Tella, Mahder A.; Mattingly, William A.; Wilde, Ashley M.; Sangroula, Daisy; Antimisiaris, Demetra; Chung, Donghoon; Cabral, Guillermo; Fernandez-Botran, Gabino R; Huang, Jiapeng; Gnoni, Martin; Akca, Ozan; Schulz, Paul; Bressoud, Phillip F.; Krishnan, Priya; Suliman, Sally; McKinney, William P.; Moffett, Bryan; Wolf, Leslie A; Burns, Mark; Glynn, Alex; Carrico, Ruth; and Arnold, Forest W. (2021) "No Difference in Clinical Outcomes for African American and White Patients Hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia in Louisville, Kentucky," The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections: Vol. 5 : Iss. 1 , Article 25.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18297/jri/vol5/iss1/25
Available at: https://ir.library.louisville.edu/jri/vol5/iss1/25