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The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Authors

Julio A. Ramirez, Division of Infectious Diseases, Center of Excellence for Research in Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USAFollow
T'shura Ali, Division of Infectious Diseases, Center of Excellence for Research in Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA. Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USAFollow
Thomas Chandler, Division of Infectious Diseases, Center of Excellence for Research in Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USAFollow
Stephen P. Furmanek, Division of Infectious Diseases, Center of Excellence for Research in Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USAFollow
Daniya Sheikh, Division of Infectious Diseases, Center of Excellence for Research in Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USAFollow
Vidyulata Salunkhe, Division of Infectious Diseases, Center of Excellence for Research in Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USAFollow
Steven Gootee, Division of Infectious Diseases, Center of Excellence for Research in Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USAFollow
Mohammad Tahboub, Division of Infectious Diseases, Center of Excellence for Research in Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USAFollow
William A. Mattingly, Division of Infectious Diseases, Center of Excellence for Research in Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USAFollow
Demetra Antimisiaris, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.Follow
Jiapeng Huang, Division of Infectious Diseases, Center of Excellence for Research in Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA. Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA. Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA. Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USAFollow
Jose Bordon, Division of Infectious Diseases, Center of Excellence for Research in Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USAFollow
Rodrigo Cavallazzi, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.Follow
Paul Schulz, Infectious Diseases, Norton HealthcareFollow
William P. McKinney, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.Follow
Dawn Balcom, Division of Infectious Diseases, Center of Excellence for Research in Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USAFollow
Mark Burns, Division of Infectious Diseases, Center of Excellence for Research in Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USAFollow
Ruth Carrico, Division of Infectious Diseases, Center of Excellence for Research in Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USAFollow
Forest W. Arnold, Division of Infectious Diseases, Center of Excellence for Research in Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USAFollow
CERID COVID-19 Study Group, Division of Infectious Diseases, Center of Excellence for Research in Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USAFollow

20.0257

Funder

The author(s) received no specific funding for this work.

Abstract

Background: During the ongoing pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), SARS-CoV-2 community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has been the primary cause of hospitalization. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of 1,013 patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 CAP from September 2020 through March 2021 in Louisville, Kentucky.

Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of 1,013 patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 CAP at eight of the adult hospitals in the city of Louisville from September 2020 through March 2021. Patients with 1) a positive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2, 2) fever, cough, or shortness of breath, and 3) an infiltrate on chest imaging were defined as having SARS-CoV-2 CAP. Data were abstracted from each hospital’s electronic health record. Descriptive statistics were performed on clinical and epidemiological characteristics of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 CAP. Demographic characteristics of the study population were compared with census data from the city of Louisville. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using R version 3.4.0.

Results: Of the 1,013 patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 CAP, the median age was 65 years, 53% were males, 24% reported their race as African American or Black, and 6% identified as Hispanic. The most frequent comorbidities were hypertension (73%), obesity (56%), and diabetes (43%). At the time of admission, 60% required supplemental oxygen. The mortality rate was 19% for the total population and 45% for the 359 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). For each comorbidity, the proportion of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 CAP was significantly different from the Louisville population (P

Conclusions: The elderly, males, and patients with a history of coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, diabetes, renal disease, or obesity are overrepresented among hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 CAP compared to the Louisville population. These patients are also more likely to require ICU care and experience worse clinical outcomes, with death occurring in approximately one in every five hospitalizations.

DOI

10.18297/jri/vol6/iss1/2

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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