Date on Master's Thesis/Doctoral Dissertation

6-1949

Document Type

Master's Thesis

Degree Name

M. Eng.

Department

Chemical Engineering

Committee Chair

Williams, G. C.

Committee Co-Chair (if applicable)

Barnes, W. R.

Committee Member

Barnes, W. R.

Committee Member

Ernst, R. C.

Abstract

The rates of oxidation, solvent solubility, and oleic acid adsorption, of natural and synthetic drying oil films were studied by semi-micro analytical methods.

This thesis consists of three phases:

I. Ultimate analysis to determine the oxygen content of a film at specific time intervals.

II. Extraction of the films to determine their solvent solubility as a function of time.

III. Oleic acid adsorption to get a correlation of the structure of the film.

Seven materials were examined:

A. Glyceryl Trilinoleate

B. Pentaerythritol Tetralinoleate

C. Pentaerythritol Oleate

D. Pentaerythritol Oleic Acid Long Oil Alkyd

E. Dipentaerythritol Linoleate

F. Pentaerythritol Linoleate

Glyceryl Trilinoleate was found to absorb 28% oxygen in 4 days' time, and this amount remained essentially constant. Solvent insolubility reached 52% in 7 days and then increased gradually.

Pentaerythritol Tetralinoleate absorbed 26% oxygen in 7 days and then leveled off, while solvent insolubility attained 73% and then increased gradually.

Pentaerythritol Oleate did not dry and was as liquid three months after as when first brushed out.

Pentaerythritol Oleic Acid Long Oil Alkyd did not dry; and two months after it was brushed out, it was just becoming tacky.

Dipentaerythritol Linoleate absorbed 25% oxygen in 4 days, which then became essentially constant, while its solvent insolubility attained a figure of 75% in 2 days.

Dipentaerythritol Linoleate absorbed 26% oxygen in 2 days. Its insolubility was 80% in 1 day and almost 100% in 7 days.

Pentaerythritol Linoleate was found to absorb 26% oxygen in 2 days and became almost 98% insoluble in 4 days.

The solvent used in all extractions was carbon tetrachloride which was found to give good results.

Dipentaerythritol Linoleate exhibited the phenomena of breaking up into strands, or fibers, on being extracted with carbon tetrachloride.

Oleic acid adsorption seemed to indicate that adsorption did not depend upon original chemical structure since the ratio of weight of acid adsorbed to weight of extracted film fell between the range of 1 to 1 and 1.5 to 1.

The method used for film formation involved brushing out of the oil upon glass plates and weighing. Oil was brushed out over a given area, and for a certain thickness, was coated and weighed until the desired amount was spread on the glass plate.

Linseed oil data are presented for comparison purposes.

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