Nursing Interventions to Reduce Anxiety and Psychological Distress in Breast Cancer Patients in the US

Authors

Alexis Abboud, University of LouisvilleFollow
Al Araydeh Mifleh, UofL Graduate School AdministrationFollow

Program/Event

Undergraduate Research Showcase Spring 2025

Abstract

Background Breast cancer patients frequently experience psychological challenges, such as anxiety, distress, and diminished quality of life (QoL). Nursing interventions show promise in addressing these issues; however, a comprehensive synthesis of their impact is lacking. This review evaluates the effectiveness of nursing interventions in reducing anxiety and psychological distress while improving QoL.

Research Question What nursing interventions effectively reduce anxiety and psychological distress and improve QoL among breast cancer patients in the United States?

Methods A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Searches of CINAHL, APA PsycInfo, and Medline identified studies published in the last five years in peer-reviewed journals in the United States. Of 1,778 articles retrieved, 42 met the inclusion criteria, and four studies were selected after full-text screening and appraisal using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist. Relevant data were extracted for synthesis.

Results The four studies included secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial, cross-sectional analysis, peer-led interventions, and a non-randomized longitudinal study. Interventions assessed were cognitive behavioral stress management (CBSM), mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), culturally tailored psychosocial support, and physical activity programs. All interventions significantly improved psychological outcomes and QoL. CBSM and MBSR reduced anxiety and distress (p < 0.05). Peer-led physical activity programs enhanced body image, reduced fatigue, and improved emotional support (p < 0.001). Culturally tailored interventions were particularly effective for Hispanic/Latina populations. These improvements suggest that nursing interventions enhance psychological well-being and impact patients' daily lives, including emotional and functional QoL.

Conclusion This review underscores the effectiveness of nursing interventions in reducing psychological distress and improving QoL in breast cancer patients. Culturally sensitive interventions, particularly for Hispanic/Latina populations, hold great promise for enhancing intervention effectiveness. Future research should examine the scalability of these interventions across diverse populations and assess their long-term impacts on patient outcomes.

Recommended Citation

Abboud, Alexis and Mifleh, Al Araydeh (2025) "Nursing Interventions to Reduce Anxiety and Psychological Distress in Breast Cancer Patients in the US," The Cardinal Edge: Vol. 3: Iss. 2, Article 28.
Available at: https://ir.library.louisville.edu/tce/vol3/iss2/28